British Shorthairs are often described as one of the more robust cat breeds, and it’s true they’re generally healthy, hardy souls. That said, no breed is entirely free from health risks, and British Shorthairs do have a few issues that owners should be aware of.
As someone who lives with Rosie, my black British Shorthair queen of the house, and who judges cats regularly, I’ve seen both the strong points and the vulnerabilities of this wonderful breed. The good news is, with proper care and early awareness, most problems can be managed, or even avoided altogether.
Let’s dig into the most common British Shorthair health problems and how to keep your cat in top form.
General British Shorthair Health Overview
British Shorthairs typically enjoy long, healthy lives, often living 14–20 years with good care. They are a strong, solid breed, but their thickset bodies and genetics do come with a few potential health concerns.
Proactive health care, including regular vet checks, good nutrition, and a healthy lifestyle, can make a huge difference.
1. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM)
What it is:
HCM is a heart condition where the heart walls thicken, making it harder for the heart to pump blood effectively. It’s the most common inherited heart disease in cats.
Signs to watch for:
- Lethargy
- Rapid breathing
- Open-mouth breathing after exercise
- Sudden collapse (in severe cases)
Prevention and care:
There is no guaranteed prevention, but responsible breeders screen for HCM and avoid breeding affected cats. Ask for proof of HCM screening when buying a kitten.
Regular heart checks, especially from around 3–5 years of age, are recommended.
2. Obesity
What it is:
British Shorthairs are naturally chunky, but it’s easy for them to cross the line into genuine obesity, especially if they live indoors and love their food a bit too much.
Signs to watch for:
- Difficulty grooming
- Fat pads around the stomach
- Reduced activity levels
Prevention and care:
Portion control is crucial. Weigh food, don’t guess. Use interactive toys and puzzle feeders to keep them active. Rosie would happily eat four meals a day if she could, but she’s on a strict two-meal plan with measured portions, and plenty of play.
Obesity can lead to diabetes, arthritis, and heart disease, so prevention is always better than cure.
3. Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD)
What it is:
PKD causes fluid-filled cysts to develop in the kidneys, leading to kidney failure over time. It’s an inherited condition, more common in Persians but also occasionally seen in British Shorthairs.
Signs to watch for:
- Increased thirst
- Frequent urination
- Weight loss
- Poor appetite
Prevention and care:
PKD can be detected with a simple DNA test. Ethical breeders will test breeding cats and only mate clear or carrier cats responsibly. Always ask about PKD status when buying a kitten.
4. Dental Disease
What it is:
Tartar build-up, gum disease, and tooth decay are common in all cats, but British Shorthairs, with their broad heads and powerful jaws, seem especially prone to dental issues.
Signs to watch for:
- Bad breath
- Drooling
- Difficulty eating
- Red or bleeding gums
Prevention and care:
Brush their teeth if tolerated
Offer dental chews or vet-recommended diets
Regular dental checks with the vet
Rosie is very particular about her mouth being touched, so we rely on dental treats and annual checks.
5. Joint Issues (Including Arthritis)
What it is:
Their heavy bone structure means British Shorthairs can be more prone to arthritis as they age, especially if they’re overweight.
Signs to watch for:
- Reluctance to jump
- Stiffness after rest
- Reduced grooming
Prevention and care:
Keep them slim and active. Provide soft, easy-access beds and ramps or low furniture if needed in older age.
6. Eye Conditions
What it is:
British Shorthairs occasionally develop entropion, where the eyelid rolls inward, irritating the eye.
Signs to watch for:
- Excessive tearing
- Squinting
- Red or irritated eyes
Prevention and care:
Mild cases may not need treatment, but severe entropion sometimes requires minor surgery. Regularly check your cat’s eyes for any discharge or signs of irritation.
Final Thoughts on Health Problems in British Shorthairs
British Shorthairs may be built like teddy bears, but underneath that cuddly exterior they’re strong, stoic cats with a lot of resilience. With good care, most health issues can either be avoided entirely or managed effectively.
Rosie is living proof that with the right diet, regular vet checks, and a bit of daily enrichment, a British Shorthair can thrive indoors and enjoy a long, happy life. She may give me the occasional side-eye when it’s time for the vet, but keeping her in good health is the best gift I can give her in return for her quiet loyalty.
Watch your British Shorthair carefully, stay proactive, and you’ll have many wonderful years together.